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Blacks in Brazil Start Working Earlier and Retire Later than Whites |
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Written by Lana Cristina
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Friday, 18 November 2005 |
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Brazilian blacks tend to enter the job market at an earlier age and spend more of their lives working, according to a just released study by Brazil's IPEA.
Among blacks in the 10-15 age bracket, 16.4% have jobs, compared with 12.6% of their white peers. At the other extreme, 34.7% of blacks 60 years old or more are still working, compared with 29.1% of whites in the same age group.
These data come from a study released yesterday by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA) and the United Nations Development Fund for Women (Unifem), entitled Portraits of Inequality - Race and Gender.
The document shows that women and blacks are the groups with the greatest difficulties in obtaining job positions, both formal and informal.
Unemployment also affects both groups. In 2003, 8% of men and 10.6% of whites were unemployed, whereas the unemployment rate was 12.4% for women and 12.6% for blacks.
The study also reveals that blacks work in occupations that are more insecure and afford less social protection than is the case for whites.
While 34.5% of white workers are legally registered, only 25.6% of blacks enjoy the same guarantees. Informal employment is also more common among blacks than among whites.
Among blacks, 22.4% are engaged in informal activities, compared with 16.2% of whites. Blacks also form the minority among employers. Only 2.3% of them are business owners, as against 5.9% of whites.
Agência Brasil
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But if only around 30 % of workers are legally registered ( 35 % white and 25 % blacks) how are income taxes collected....properly and correctly ?
Knowing that the bureaucracy, registered workers by definition, is at least 10 % in a country like Brazil known for over bureaucracy, it means that the total outside represents only 20 % at best !
No country will have a future when only 30 % of workers pay full income taxes on 100 % of their income to the government.
NO WAY !
No doubt Lula is proud of these numbers too.
No one should then be surprised that the government has not enough money for education, healthcare, infrastructure, pensions and social programs.
No one should then be surprised that taxes are that high in your country. They wont and cannot be reduced with so much tax evasioni or with such a low tax collection rate !
This is the basis of unnaceptable injustice in every developed nation.